英国爱丁堡留学社区
Edinburgh Chinese
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问
86scot(2018/4/16 15:52:35) 点击:115156 回复:0 IP:125.* * *
86scot(2018/4/16 15:52:35) 点击:115156 回复:0 IP:125.* * *
4月10日，脸书网首席执行官马克•扎克伯格出席了美国参议院司法和商务委员会的联合听证会，讨论数据隐私和脸书网上虚假信息等问题。
这场听证会长达5小时，期间参议员们向扎克伯格提出了各种各样的问题。面对五花八门的提问和各路媒体的层层包围，扎克伯格的表现不太自然，有些紧张也是情有可原。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
不过，眼尖的网友自然不会错过这些尴尬的表情。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“Me when I realize my actions have a consequence”
“当我意识到自己闯祸了的表情”
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“Don't forget to drink the water, humans like water”
“别忘了喝水，人类喜欢喝水”
有网友戏称，这场听证会简直是电影《社交网络》的续集。而男主角这次显然不怎么好过。（《社交网络》于2010年上映，讲述了扎克伯格和埃德华多•萨瓦林如何建立和发展脸书的发家史。）
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“The Social Network 2: This time it’s personal (data)”
“《社交网络2：个人数据》”
不少网友对小扎的遭遇深表同情，因为这场听证会很容易让他们联想到一场为老年人科普的大会。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“Mark Zuckerberg is now living out every young person's worst nightmare: trying to explain how tech stuff works to the nation's elderly.”
“扎克伯格正在经历所有年轻人最恐怖的噩梦：努力向这个国家的老年人解释科技产品的工作原理。”
一些议员因提出的问题没有切中要害，而遭到网友吐槽。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“扎克伯格先生，解释一下，为什么我脸书已经注册10年了，还是没人通过我的好友请求。”
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“为什么我孙子不加我好友。”
有议员问道，脸书网是否能看到WhatsApp（一款通信软件）上的聊天记录。
而参议员奥林•哈奇则质疑，脸书网“如何能够维持对用户免费的商业模式”。
扎克伯格不得不解释道：“参议员，我们可以卖广告。”
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
虽然网友吐槽得很起劲，但听证会的气氛还是十分紧张严肃的。议员们对着会场中心的扎克伯格抛出了很多尖锐的问题，例如：
“你们的竞争对手是谁？”
“我是不是要给你钱，脸书才能不泄露我自己的信息？”
“你们这十几年都在道歉，今天的道歉有什么不同？”
“脸书是不是在监听用户？”
当然，扎克伯格也是有备而来，这些问题他一一做了解答。下面来看此次听证会的亮点：
Right to privacy
用户的隐私权
“I believe it’s important to tell people exactly how the information that they share on Facebook is going to be used.
“我认为，关键是要告诉用户，他们在脸书上分享的信息将被如何使用。”
“That’s why, every single time you go to share something on Facebook, whether it’s a photo in Facebook, or a message, every single time, there’s a control right there about who you’re going to be sharing it with ... and you can change that and control that in line.
“这就是为什么每当你在脸书上分享一张照片、一条信息等内容时，每一次都有决定分享给谁的权力，你也可以更改权限。”
“To your broader point about the privacy policy ... long privacy policies are very confusing. And if you make it long and spell out all the detail, then you’re probably going to reduce the percent of people who read it and make it accessible to them.”
“关于您提到的有关隐私条款应该更详细的观点……冗长的隐私条款非常混乱。而且，如果你列得很长，并清楚说明所有细节，那很可能会减少阅读并了解这些条款的人的比例。”
His own privacy
扎克伯格的隐私
Senator Dick Durbin asked if Zuckerberg would be comfortable sharing the name of the hotel he stayed in last night.
参议员迪克•杜尔滨询问扎克伯格，是否对公开自己前一晚入住的酒店名称感到舒服。
“No. I would probably not choose to do that publicly, here” he said. “I think everyone should have control over how their information is used.”
“不，我可能不会选择在这儿公开。我认为每个人都应该有权决定他们的信息被用于何处。”
Cambridge Analytica
剑桥分析公司
“Cambridge Analytica wasn’t using our services in 2015, as far as we can tell ... They weren’t an advertiser. They weren’t running pages. So we actually had nothing to ban.”
“剑桥分析公司在2015年没有使用我们的服务，据我们所知，他们不是广告商。他们没有运营脸书主页。所以我们实际上没什么可禁的。”
Later Zuckerberg corrected himself.
随后，扎克伯格纠正了自己的回答。
“I want to correct one thing that I said earlier in response to a question … [on] why we didn’t ban Cambridge Analytica at the time when we learned about them in 2015.
“我想先纠正我刚才的一个回答，那个问题是脸书为什么在2015年发现剑桥分析公司的所作所为后，没禁止他们访问脸书。”
“[From] what my understanding was ... they were not on the platform, [they] were not an app developer or advertiser. When I went back and met with my team afterwards, they let me know that Cambridge Analytica actually did start as an advertiser later in 2015.
“我的理解是，他们不在脸书平台上，他们既不是应用开发者，也不是广告商。但我后来和我的团队碰头时，他们告诉我，实际上，剑桥分析公司在2015年晚些时候成了广告商。”
“So we could have in theory banned them then. We made a mistake by not doing so. But I just wanted to make sure that I updated that because I ... I ... I misspoke, or got that wrong earlier.
“所以，理论上我们当时是可以禁止他们访问的。我们没有这样做，这确实是一个错误。我现在想更新一下，我刚才是口误了，刚才回答时弄错了。”
“When we heard back from Cambridge Analytica that they had told us that they weren’t using the data and deleted it, we considered it a closed case. In retrospect, that was clearly a mistake. We shouldn’t have taken their word for it. We’ve updated our policy to make sure we don’t make that mistake again.”
“我们从剑桥分析公司得到的反馈是，他们没有再使用这些数据，并已将其删除。我们以为这件事已经结束了。现在看来，这显然是个错误。我们不应该相信他们的话。我们已经更新了公司政策，确保同样的错误不会再次发生。”
Storing and selling personal data
存储及兜售个人信息
“Yes, we store data ... some of that content with people’s permission.”
“是的，我们存储信息……其中部分内容是获得了用户许可的。”
“There’s a very common misconception that we sell data to advertisers. We do not sell data to advertisers.”
“很多人有一个误解，认为脸书将信息卖给了广告方。我们没有把信息卖给广告方。”
“What we allow is for advertisers to tell us who they want to reach, and then we do the placement … That’s a very fundamental part of how our model works and something that is often misunderstood.”
“我们只是让广告商告诉我们，他们想把信息投放给谁，然后由我们来投放……这是我们工作模式中非常重要的一部分，也是经常被人误解的地方。”
Regulations
监管
“My position is not that there should be no regulation.
“我不赞同互联网不应该被监管。”
“I think the real question, as the internet becomes more important in people’s lives, is what is the right regulation, not whether there should be or not.”
“由于互联网在人们的生活中越来越重要，我认为问题的关键在于什么是正确的监管，而不在于管还是不管。”
Russian interference
俄罗斯干预美国大选
“One of my greatest regrets in running the company is that we were slow in identifying the Russian information operations in 2016.
“在运营公司的过程中，我最大的遗憾莫过于没能在2016年及时发现俄罗斯操纵信息的行为。”
“We have kicked off an investigation … I imagine we’ll find some things.
“我们已经展开调查，我想我们会有所收获的。”
“There are people in Russia whose job it is to try to exploit our systems and other internet systems and other systems as well.
“在俄罗斯，有人专门负责操纵脸书以及其他互联网系统，还有其他系统。”
“This is an ongoing arms race. As long as there are people sitting in Russia whose job is it to try to interfere in elections around the world, this is going to be an ongoing conflict.”
“这是一场正在进行的军备竞赛。只要俄罗斯雇人干预全世界的竞选活动，这场对抗就会持续下去。”
Taking responsibility
承担责任
“It was my mistake, and I’m sorry.
“这是我的错，我感到很抱歉。”
“I started Facebook, I run it, and I’m responsible for what happens here.
“我创立了脸书，我负责经营，我对脸书所发生的一切负有责任。”
“It’s clear now that we didn’t do enough to prevent these tools from being used for harm. That goes for fake news, foreign interference in elections, and hate speech, as well as developers and data privacy.”
“现在很明显，我们没有采取足够的措施来防止有人利用这些工具伤害用户，包括虚假新闻，国外势力干涉选举，仇恨言论，以及开发者和隐私数据。”
4月11日，扎克伯格参加了第二轮听证会，第二轮提问的议员们做足了功课，一开始就火药味十足：
Near the start of Wednesday's congressional hearing, New Jersey Rep. Frank Pallone, Jr. asked Zuckerberg why Facebook didn't just automatically set all users' default settings to minimize data collection. That would mean Facebook's users would have to opt in if they wanted to share their personal data, rather than opt out, which is the way it works today.
周三国会听证一开始，新泽西州众议员弗兰克·帕隆便询问扎克伯格，为何脸书没有对用户默认设置进行自动设定，从而尽可能减少数据采集量。这意味着脸书的用户如果想要分享个人数据，需自行加入，而并非按照如今的方式，需要用户自行退出分享。
小扎的回答也没能让议员感到满意：
"That is a complex issue that deserves more than a one word answer," Zuckerberg responded.
“这是个复杂的问题，不是一两个字能回答的，”扎克伯格说。
Pallone's response, "That's disappointing to me."
“这令我很失望。”帕隆如是答道。
有议员矛头直指扎克伯格，问他自己的个人数据有没有被卖掉：
California Rep. Anna Eshoo asked Zuckerberg if his own data was swept up in the Cambridge Analytica scandal.
加州众议员安娜·埃肖奥则询问扎克伯格，他自己的个人数据是否也卷入了剑桥数据丑闻当中。
扎克伯格表示，自己的数据也被卖了。
两场听证会下来，一些美国媒体认为，扎克伯格对一些问题没有老实回答，而是在打躲避球（dodge），搪塞了过去。
最大的一个特点就是他说了大量的“following up to do”（做些跟进）。
But Zuckerberg frequently gave vague answers and often told members of Congress his team would follow up with them at a later time.
但是扎克伯格经常给出些模糊不清的答案，经常和国会议员们说，他的团队接下来会做一些跟进。
这场听证会长达5小时，期间参议员们向扎克伯格提出了各种各样的问题。面对五花八门的提问和各路媒体的层层包围，扎克伯格的表现不太自然，有些紧张也是情有可原。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
不过，眼尖的网友自然不会错过这些尴尬的表情。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“Me when I realize my actions have a consequence”
“当我意识到自己闯祸了的表情”
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“Don't forget to drink the water, humans like water”
“别忘了喝水，人类喜欢喝水”
有网友戏称，这场听证会简直是电影《社交网络》的续集。而男主角这次显然不怎么好过。（《社交网络》于2010年上映，讲述了扎克伯格和埃德华多•萨瓦林如何建立和发展脸书的发家史。）
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“The Social Network 2: This time it’s personal (data)”
“《社交网络2：个人数据》”
不少网友对小扎的遭遇深表同情，因为这场听证会很容易让他们联想到一场为老年人科普的大会。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“Mark Zuckerberg is now living out every young person's worst nightmare: trying to explain how tech stuff works to the nation's elderly.”
“扎克伯格正在经历所有年轻人最恐怖的噩梦：努力向这个国家的老年人解释科技产品的工作原理。”
一些议员因提出的问题没有切中要害，而遭到网友吐槽。
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“扎克伯格先生，解释一下，为什么我脸书已经注册10年了，还是没人通过我的好友请求。”
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
“为什么我孙子不加我好友。”
有议员问道，脸书网是否能看到WhatsApp（一款通信软件）上的聊天记录。
而参议员奥林•哈奇则质疑，脸书网“如何能够维持对用户免费的商业模式”。
扎克伯格不得不解释道：“参议员，我们可以卖广告。”
扎克伯格出席听证会遭轮番拷问，这气氛有点尬
虽然网友吐槽得很起劲，但听证会的气氛还是十分紧张严肃的。议员们对着会场中心的扎克伯格抛出了很多尖锐的问题，例如：
“你们的竞争对手是谁？”
“我是不是要给你钱，脸书才能不泄露我自己的信息？”
“你们这十几年都在道歉，今天的道歉有什么不同？”
“脸书是不是在监听用户？”
当然，扎克伯格也是有备而来，这些问题他一一做了解答。下面来看此次听证会的亮点：
Right to privacy
用户的隐私权
“I believe it’s important to tell people exactly how the information that they share on Facebook is going to be used.
“我认为，关键是要告诉用户，他们在脸书上分享的信息将被如何使用。”
“That’s why, every single time you go to share something on Facebook, whether it’s a photo in Facebook, or a message, every single time, there’s a control right there about who you’re going to be sharing it with ... and you can change that and control that in line.
“这就是为什么每当你在脸书上分享一张照片、一条信息等内容时，每一次都有决定分享给谁的权力，你也可以更改权限。”
“To your broader point about the privacy policy ... long privacy policies are very confusing. And if you make it long and spell out all the detail, then you’re probably going to reduce the percent of people who read it and make it accessible to them.”
“关于您提到的有关隐私条款应该更详细的观点……冗长的隐私条款非常混乱。而且，如果你列得很长，并清楚说明所有细节，那很可能会减少阅读并了解这些条款的人的比例。”
His own privacy
扎克伯格的隐私
Senator Dick Durbin asked if Zuckerberg would be comfortable sharing the name of the hotel he stayed in last night.
参议员迪克•杜尔滨询问扎克伯格，是否对公开自己前一晚入住的酒店名称感到舒服。
“No. I would probably not choose to do that publicly, here” he said. “I think everyone should have control over how their information is used.”
“不，我可能不会选择在这儿公开。我认为每个人都应该有权决定他们的信息被用于何处。”
Cambridge Analytica
剑桥分析公司
“Cambridge Analytica wasn’t using our services in 2015, as far as we can tell ... They weren’t an advertiser. They weren’t running pages. So we actually had nothing to ban.”
“剑桥分析公司在2015年没有使用我们的服务，据我们所知，他们不是广告商。他们没有运营脸书主页。所以我们实际上没什么可禁的。”
Later Zuckerberg corrected himself.
随后，扎克伯格纠正了自己的回答。
“I want to correct one thing that I said earlier in response to a question … [on] why we didn’t ban Cambridge Analytica at the time when we learned about them in 2015.
“我想先纠正我刚才的一个回答，那个问题是脸书为什么在2015年发现剑桥分析公司的所作所为后，没禁止他们访问脸书。”
“[From] what my understanding was ... they were not on the platform, [they] were not an app developer or advertiser. When I went back and met with my team afterwards, they let me know that Cambridge Analytica actually did start as an advertiser later in 2015.
“我的理解是，他们不在脸书平台上，他们既不是应用开发者，也不是广告商。但我后来和我的团队碰头时，他们告诉我，实际上，剑桥分析公司在2015年晚些时候成了广告商。”
“So we could have in theory banned them then. We made a mistake by not doing so. But I just wanted to make sure that I updated that because I ... I ... I misspoke, or got that wrong earlier.
“所以，理论上我们当时是可以禁止他们访问的。我们没有这样做，这确实是一个错误。我现在想更新一下，我刚才是口误了，刚才回答时弄错了。”
“When we heard back from Cambridge Analytica that they had told us that they weren’t using the data and deleted it, we considered it a closed case. In retrospect, that was clearly a mistake. We shouldn’t have taken their word for it. We’ve updated our policy to make sure we don’t make that mistake again.”
“我们从剑桥分析公司得到的反馈是，他们没有再使用这些数据，并已将其删除。我们以为这件事已经结束了。现在看来，这显然是个错误。我们不应该相信他们的话。我们已经更新了公司政策，确保同样的错误不会再次发生。”
Storing and selling personal data
存储及兜售个人信息
“Yes, we store data ... some of that content with people’s permission.”
“是的，我们存储信息……其中部分内容是获得了用户许可的。”
“There’s a very common misconception that we sell data to advertisers. We do not sell data to advertisers.”
“很多人有一个误解，认为脸书将信息卖给了广告方。我们没有把信息卖给广告方。”
“What we allow is for advertisers to tell us who they want to reach, and then we do the placement … That’s a very fundamental part of how our model works and something that is often misunderstood.”
“我们只是让广告商告诉我们，他们想把信息投放给谁，然后由我们来投放……这是我们工作模式中非常重要的一部分，也是经常被人误解的地方。”
Regulations
监管
“My position is not that there should be no regulation.
“我不赞同互联网不应该被监管。”
“I think the real question, as the internet becomes more important in people’s lives, is what is the right regulation, not whether there should be or not.”
“由于互联网在人们的生活中越来越重要，我认为问题的关键在于什么是正确的监管，而不在于管还是不管。”
Russian interference
俄罗斯干预美国大选
“One of my greatest regrets in running the company is that we were slow in identifying the Russian information operations in 2016.
“在运营公司的过程中，我最大的遗憾莫过于没能在2016年及时发现俄罗斯操纵信息的行为。”
“We have kicked off an investigation … I imagine we’ll find some things.
“我们已经展开调查，我想我们会有所收获的。”
“There are people in Russia whose job it is to try to exploit our systems and other internet systems and other systems as well.
“在俄罗斯，有人专门负责操纵脸书以及其他互联网系统，还有其他系统。”
“This is an ongoing arms race. As long as there are people sitting in Russia whose job is it to try to interfere in elections around the world, this is going to be an ongoing conflict.”
“这是一场正在进行的军备竞赛。只要俄罗斯雇人干预全世界的竞选活动，这场对抗就会持续下去。”
Taking responsibility
承担责任
“It was my mistake, and I’m sorry.
“这是我的错，我感到很抱歉。”
“I started Facebook, I run it, and I’m responsible for what happens here.
“我创立了脸书，我负责经营，我对脸书所发生的一切负有责任。”
“It’s clear now that we didn’t do enough to prevent these tools from being used for harm. That goes for fake news, foreign interference in elections, and hate speech, as well as developers and data privacy.”
“现在很明显，我们没有采取足够的措施来防止有人利用这些工具伤害用户，包括虚假新闻，国外势力干涉选举，仇恨言论，以及开发者和隐私数据。”
4月11日，扎克伯格参加了第二轮听证会，第二轮提问的议员们做足了功课，一开始就火药味十足：
Near the start of Wednesday's congressional hearing, New Jersey Rep. Frank Pallone, Jr. asked Zuckerberg why Facebook didn't just automatically set all users' default settings to minimize data collection. That would mean Facebook's users would have to opt in if they wanted to share their personal data, rather than opt out, which is the way it works today.
周三国会听证一开始，新泽西州众议员弗兰克·帕隆便询问扎克伯格，为何脸书没有对用户默认设置进行自动设定，从而尽可能减少数据采集量。这意味着脸书的用户如果想要分享个人数据，需自行加入，而并非按照如今的方式，需要用户自行退出分享。
小扎的回答也没能让议员感到满意：
"That is a complex issue that deserves more than a one word answer," Zuckerberg responded.
“这是个复杂的问题，不是一两个字能回答的，”扎克伯格说。
Pallone's response, "That's disappointing to me."
“这令我很失望。”帕隆如是答道。
有议员矛头直指扎克伯格，问他自己的个人数据有没有被卖掉：
California Rep. Anna Eshoo asked Zuckerberg if his own data was swept up in the Cambridge Analytica scandal.
加州众议员安娜·埃肖奥则询问扎克伯格，他自己的个人数据是否也卷入了剑桥数据丑闻当中。
扎克伯格表示，自己的数据也被卖了。
两场听证会下来，一些美国媒体认为，扎克伯格对一些问题没有老实回答，而是在打躲避球（dodge），搪塞了过去。
最大的一个特点就是他说了大量的“following up to do”（做些跟进）。
But Zuckerberg frequently gave vague answers and often told members of Congress his team would follow up with them at a later time.
但是扎克伯格经常给出些模糊不清的答案，经常和国会议员们说，他的团队接下来会做一些跟进。
